Industry technology 4.0

 ECF® Technology

The electroflotation process ECF® Technology is based on a particular electrolytic treatment of aqueous solutions in which is triggered a series of electrode and chemical reactions associated with physical processes able to promote the transformation and the subsequent removal of the contaminants . All this requires substantially no addition of chemicals with large consequent advantages in terms of operating costs, maintenance and tangible savings from the slaughter of the waste to be delivered to the inerting system or landfill

Theory and Process ECF® Technology

The central idea behind the Electroflotation ECF® Technology consists of the construction of particularly sweet purification systems, that are able to exploit the action of the best existing precipitating agent (the electron!) In association with the particular physical effect generated by 'energetic development of micro-bubbles (in the molecular state) within the solution. The heart of the Electroflotation Redox®System system is represented by an electrolytic cell into which is fed the solution to be treated (NONE pH correction if between 4.5 and 8.5 at the entrance of the cell) .The control system and control of ECF® Technology applies an appropriate voltage to the electrodes of the cell system essentially consisting of Cathode (iron or other material which eg. titanium) and anodes in aluminum alloy (or other material). The geometry of the cell and that of the electrodes, their number and the sequence of placement depend essentially on the particular characteristics of the solution to be treated and therefore are specifically calculated and designed according to each individual case.

Main factors - ECF® Technology

The phenomena involved in the process of discharge electrodes are electrochemically , chemistry and physics

Electrochemical and Chemical phenomena
From the chemical point of view to the anode (positive electrode) occur primarily and often at the same time the following Electrolytic Oxidation reactions :
H2O ------------- O2
Al ------------- Al3+
Fe ------------- Fe2+
At the cathode ( negative electrode ) occur , the following electrolytic reduction reactions :
H2O ------------- O2
Men+ ------------ Me
Men+ It indicates any of the numerous metal ions that can undergo reduction (such as Lead, Cadmium , Copper, Zinc , Nickel, Chrome , Silver, Gold etc . ) and therefore Detail of Electrolytic Cell deposited at the cathode , it is thereby removed almost completely from the solution . To such phenomena that have as protagonists the electrodes , followed by a series of chemical reactions, the nature of which depends on the composition of the solution but which in general consist in : a) Oxidative or reductive processes , in particular in respect of the organic substances , b ) Processes of Coagulation and Flocculation , favored by the precipitation of hydroxides of iron and aluminum , which form spontaneously in the working pH , as a consequence of slow dissolution of the anodes , which leads in solution the ions of the corresponding metals .

Physical phenomena
Equally important from the viewpoint of the entire purification process it is also substantially the physical phenomena triggered by micro-bubbles of -Idrogeno and Oxygen gases that develop at the electrodes. Such micro-bubbles, initially of molecular size, are able to adhere to adsorption to the most minute particles of pollutants present in the solution, resulting in a flotation process which consists of the transport to the surface, in the form of a compact foam, density of solid substances for which or smaller would be precipitated or remaining indefinitely suspended in the solution. This is referred, not surprisingly, electroflotation, to highlight how the micro-bubbles of gas are Elettrogenerate. The advantage of the system thus adopted is really substantial compared to the traditional flotation because this simply consists nell'insufflare air in the form of bubbles, that are not sufficiently small and suitable for acting on the particles / micro-particles to float

Results

The previously described phenomena lead to the creation of a two-phase system :
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Fase 1
Formation of a compact foam ( floated ) on the surface of the aqueous solution contained in an electrolytic cell that It is discharged in the mixing section .
Fase 2
The float and the precipitate - flocculated are subjected to filtration and drying to the mass can overthrow . In function of the pollutants treated in the process ECF® Technology the filtration will be in continuous or discontinuous

The mass of purified water that is located in output from this step is harvested and sent again in recycling , because of its chemical and chemical- physical characteristics allow the immediate reuse . From the point of view strictly chemical- analytical (which is what is most interesting from legislative and operational point of view ) , the main operating results are obtainable immediately :
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 Reduction of COD and BOD
 Reduction of MBAS and BIAS surfactants
 almost total reduction of Phosphates
 Removal of oils and separating emulsified
 almost total removal of heavy metals
 Abatement of sulphides , nitrite and cyanides
​ remarkable bactericidal effect